Device for the protection of the cooling means of explosion motors against the effects of frost



EVE. MOLAS.

DEVTCE FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE COOLING MEANS OF EXPLOSION MOTORS AGAINST THE EFFECTS OF FROST.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, I918.

Patented Feb. 7, 3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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(zami if'o w E. E. MOLAS. DEVICE-FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE COOLING MEANS OF EXPLOSION MOTORS AGAINST THE EFFECTS OF FROST.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25, 1918. I 1 405 797 Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

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Attorney.

E. E. MOLAS.

DEVICE FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE COOLING MEANS OF EXPLOSION MOTORS AGAINST THE EFFECTS OF FROST.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, I918.

Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Invent r:

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

'EDOUABD ELIE MOLAS, OF PARIS, FfiANCE.

DEVICE FOR THE rno'mc'rron or THE ooomne MEANS or nxrnosron morons AGAINST THE EFFECTS OF FROST.

Specification of Letters Patent;

Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

Application filed larch 25, 1918. Serial No. 224,630.

enmnn unnna'rnr. 'rnovrsrons'or rm: ACT or MARCH 3, 19 21, 41 STAT. n, 1313.

To all whom it may camera:

Be it known that I, EDOUARD ELIE Moms, of '22 Rue des Cendriers, Paris, France, have invented 3. Device for the Protection of the Coolin Means of Explosion Motors Against the E ects of Frost, and for which I have filed an ap lication in France Mar. 10, 1917, granted ay 31, 1918, Patent No. 488,117, and of which the following is a full, clear,- and exact description.

As a protection against breakage and bursting of the double jackets of motors, pumps or radiators owing to the freezing of the cooling water in these members during winter time, three methods present themselves at the present time to the mind of the man-in charge.

1. The complete emptying out of the water at every stoppage of long duration;

2. Setting the disengaged motortowork at a reduced speed, taking the precaution to surround the radiator with a covering of some sort;

3. Mixing with the water,'in varying proportions, a productintended for the purpose of delaying the freezing point of the water (glycerine, alcohol, etc.)

These three methods present serious disadvantages. 4

As regards the first method, which, of the three, offers the greatest security the operation can only be put into practice when the driver is certain that he will not have to start again unexpectedly, for the lost water is sometimes very difiicult to replace in some places during severe winters, and it is also desirable for this water to be preserved, above all put back without difficulty in' a liquid state into the members in which it is utilized. Moreover therepeated renewal of this water diminishes the effectiveness of the cooling apparatus, in consequence of the accumulation of deposits and incrustations that it occasions.

The second method canonly be employed for a stoppage of short duration, and cannot be put into ractice for a whole night for example. watching, and is very expensive. c

As for the third method, the smallest of the disadvantages it presents consists in the rapid decrease in its effectiveness in conseoreover it requires constantquence' of evaporation or leakages. Moreover the products employed cost a certain amount of money.

The ob ect of this protective device is to eliminate all these disadvantages.

3. Piping conducting the exhaust gases I from the motor to the inside of the freezing receptacle for the purpose of bringing about the melting of the ice contained in the latter.

4. Piping serving for the return of the cooling water from the freezing receptacle to the motor. Y

5. P ping bringing part of the explosion gases into the freezing receptacle in order to constrain the water arising from themelted we to return into the, radiator.

6. A three-way cock enabling art of the piplng that admits water to the reezing receptacle to be used for the purpose of then conducting this water away again into the top of the radiator after the melting of the ice in the freezing receptacle.

7. A three-way cock enabling air toescape fromthe freezing receptacle during the admission of water into the latter and the compressed gases to be conducted from the motor to the freezing receptacle.

8. A flap valve'enabling the exhaust gases from the motor to be constrained to come into contact with the freezing receptacle,

when occasion arises for melting the ice contained in the latter.

9. A safety valve arranged on the freezing receptacle and intended for the purpose of only retaining just sufficient pressure of gas to drive back the water into the radiator and at the same time to ensure a slight cir-' culation of the gases.

By way of example this invention will now be described hereunder in reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 shows diagrammatically an automobile motor the coollng ap aratus of which comprises the use of a circulating pump and to which the protective device in question is ap lied.

igure 2 shows the same motor when its cooling apparatus, called thermosiphon, does not comprise a pump, the protective device being applied thereto.

Figures 3 to 10 show diagrammatically sections of various members of the device forming the subject-matter of this invention.

As may be seen from this drawing, this protective device comprises a metal receptacle a, completely closed and suitably arranged so as to collect, by merenatural flow, the water from the motor I).

The shape and construction of the aforesaid receptacle have been considered: firstly for the purpose of permitting of the expansion of the ice in the event of such being I formed with the object of preventing the rupture of the receptacle, and secondly for the purpose of resisting the pressure of the gases which are conducted to the said receptacle in order to return the water to the radiator.

The receptacle a is provided with a casing or double bottom 0 into which there passes part of the exhaust gases from the motor, with a view to melting the ice contained in the said receptacle.

Inside the double bottom 0 there is arranged a water inlet pipe d. This latter, at the part contained in the aforesaid casing being the only portion of the piping in which there remains any water when the motor is not in operation.

The pipe d is attached to the double bottom 0 by a union e, which also receives the piping d, which is itself coupled with a three-way cock f. A. second pipe d is attached to the said cock 7 leading to an opening 9 formed at the lowest point of the radiator h, (Figure 2), or to the pump h, (Figure 1).

The direction of the said piping is such that it slopes from the opening 9 towards the union 6 in order to ensure the water. flowing freely into the tank a.

A piping d is branched to the cock and is coupled to an opening z'lowar s the top of the radiator h. I

The object of the latter pipingis to ensure the return of the water from the tank a to the radiator h, in such a way that-the water, admitted to. the radiator, falls from cell to cell arranged in the said radiator so as to effect the cooling of this apparatus.

To the exhaust pipej of the motor, at a] is arranged a pipe j leading to a union in for the purpose of tapping the exhaust gases that it is desired to lead into the double bottom 0 for the purpose of heating the 'tank a."

The passage of the exhaust gases is controlled by a flap valve Z, which may close alternately, but not simultaneously either the branch pipe j or the shunt pipe 9' of the exhaust pipe.

The flap valve Z, which, in order. to clearly understand the invention, is shown in the I drawing, Figures 1 and 2, arranged, at the point where the pipe j branches, but the said valve Z might without disadvantage be arranged at any other suitable place.

Tubing of cummunication m, m, m of small cross sectional area puts the interior of the engine cylinder into communication with. the upper part of the tank a. This tubing leads from a needle cock n and terminates at a union 0, and is provided with a three-way cock p' and 'a flap valve g.

The three-way cock ;0 permits, firstly, of the escape of the air contained in the tank a through a nozzle p, (Figure 4) during the admission of water, and secondly allows the compressed gases to pass from the needle cook it to the tank a, (Figure 5).

The flap valve 9, which is arranged in the radiatorat the same time ensuring a slight circulation of the gases.

A nozzle .9, putting the double bottom 0 of the tank a into communication with the atmosphere, serves for the escape of the gases which have been utilized for heating, thus replacing, for the operating of the motor, the ordinary openin of the'latter, which is shut off by the action of the flap-valve Z.

During the whole of the hot season, the protecting device is dispensed with as unnecessaryand disconnected by} Rmeans of handles or the liki? controlli the cocks, as indicated hereunder and i ustrated in the drawing. p

The cock f, when closed, occupies the position shown in Figure 6;, the needle cook a is hermetically closedythe, cock 1)" occupies the position indicated in Figure 4, putting the tank a intdbommuhication with the atmosphere through the nozzle 12' of the cock p; the flap .va-lve Z completely closes the shunt pipe Figure During t e cold season, inorder to utiliz the tubing of small cross section, is loaded point as near as possible to thelatter, there the protective device when the motor is not in operation all that is necessary is to carry out the following orders place the cock f in the position indicated in Figure 8 and leave things in that condition until the motor is required.

Then the water contained in the radiator of the motor flows freely through the tube d the cock f, the tubes d and d, and flows in the tank a, while the air that was located therein passes out through the pipe m and through the nozzle 70" of the cock 1;, (Figure 4).

The freezing of the water in the tank a ma thus take place without any obstacle an without occasioning any damage, not considering how long the motor may not be in operation the level of the water in the tank a establishing itself at a certain distance from the top thereof (Figures 1, 2

so -and 3).

bid

In order toutilize the motor again, all that is necessary is to carry out the following instructions; place the cock f in the position indicated in Figure 9 and the cock 1) in the position indicatedin Figure 5; displace the flap valve Z so that the branch exhaust pipe y" may be free, as indicated in Figure 10; start the motor slowly at first, then at its ordinary s eed; and finally open the needle cock it, an the protecting device will commence to work.

After a few revolutions of the driving shaft of the motor, the exhaust gases passing through the pipe 7', 7" heat the double bottom 0 of the tank a and melt the ice contained in the passage d before escaping to the atmosphere through the nozzle 8, then the heat graduallymelts the block of ice contained in the tank a. At this moment the explosion gases passing through the pipes on, m, m constrain the water due to the melting of the ice to return into the radiatorv h, accompanied during: its passage through the pipes d, d, d by a certain quantity of hot gases which drive it by sudden impulses during the first few moments. These gases facilitate the heating of the radiator h by giving up to the cells of the latter the heat they still possess.

The operation goes on automatically until the water has reached in the radiator the level that it had arisen to previously, which is indicated by the continuous discharge of the gases in the radiator. As soon as this level is reached the handles of the cooks are replaced in the positions they occupied during the period of inaction of the protective device.

The manipulation of the cock f of the valve 1 and of the cock 1), may be facilitated by external indicating dials.

If there is no fear of excessively low temperature the tank might optionally be replaced by a double-walled tank stoutly isolated from a thermal point of view. In this case the double bottom 0, the passage d, the branch pipe 7' and the flap valve Z are omitted, all the other members operating as stated above, the object in view: being similarly attained.

The forms, details, accessories, materials and dimensions of the protective device may of course be varied without departing in any way from the principle of the invention.

" Claims:

1. A device for the protection of the cooling means of explosion motors against the effects of frost, comprising a vessel and a three way cock allowing to put this vessel into communication with the atmosphere for the discharge of the air it contains or to establish a. communication from the motor to the vessel in order to send a portion of the exhaust gases into the said vessel for forcing back the .water from the latter into the radiator. J

2. A device for the protection of the cooling means of explosion motors against the effects of frost, comprising a vessel for collecting water from the cooling means, means for causing the exhaust gases from the motoi' to heat the Water in said vessel, and

means for returning the water from said vessel into said cooling means comprising a direct connection between the cylinder and said vessel and a valve in said connection adapted to be opened by the pressure of the explosion in the cylinder.

3. A device for the protection of the cool.- ing means of explosion motors against the effects of frost, comprising a vessel,.a' connection between said vessel and the cooling means, a heating jacket for said vessel, a connection between said jacket and the exhaust manifold, a connection between the cylinder and said vessel, hand actuated means for opening and closing each of said connections, and hand actuated means for. connecting said vessel to the atmosphere.

The foregoing specification of my device for the protection of the cooling means of 

